Objectives  The collective protection system is an essential part of surface ship defense. In order to solve the overpressure value of the collective protection system of surface ships,

  Methods  the overpressure value of the collective protection system of an entire ship is calculated by theoretical analysis, a simplified physical model and mathematical model of a foreign frigate are created, and an analysis of the overpressure value of the collective protection system is carried out by simulating the pressure distribution of the entire ship under different wind directions and speeds.

  Results  The simulation results show that the pressure distribution of an entire ship is extremely non-uniform, increasing from bow to mast until it reaches the maximum, then decreasing dramatically until it presents negative pressure after the stern. It can be concluded that the overpressure value of a surface ship is influenced by wind direction and speed, and each section of a surface ship's overpressure value should be set according to its pressure distribution.

  Conclusions  The simulation results of the overpressure value of a surface ship can provide data to support the design of collective protection systems; combined with the pressure distribution of a surface ship, it can also provide useful references for the design of collective protection systems.