基于船舶运动学与动力学的级联MPC轨迹跟踪控制研究

Research on trajectory tracking control of cascade MPC based on ship kinematics and dynamics

  • 摘要: 【目的】针对三自由度全驱动船舶轨迹跟踪问题,本文提出了一种级联MPC控制算法来设计控制器,实现船舶轨迹跟踪控制。【方法】首先,本文结合船舶运动学方程与船舶动力学方程分别设计MPC控制器,然后组合在一起构成级联MPC模型预测控制器。随后,构建了以状态变量、输入量以及终值变量为目标函数的优化求解问题,并且考虑系统输入和状态约束条件,在环境干扰力下以CyberShip II全驱动船舶对圆形轨迹进行了仿真验证,分析了级联MPC控制器各参数的影响。最后,研究了不同频率和幅值的环境力干扰下调节控制器参数对圆形轨迹跟踪性能的影响。【结果】所设计的控制器能有效满足轨迹跟踪性能要求,并能通过调节终值变量参数矩阵抵抗不同程度的环境干扰,提高了系统的鲁棒性和稳定性。【结论】研究成果为全驱动船舶轨迹跟踪提供了一定的参考价值。

     

    Abstract: Objectives For the problem of three-degree-of-freedom full drive ship trajectory tracking, this paper presents a cascade MPC control algorithm to design the controller and realize ship trajectory tracking control. Methods Firstly, the MPC controller is designed by combining the ship kinematics equation and ship dynamics equation respectively, and then combined together to form a cascaded MPC model prediction controller. Then, an optimization solution problem with state variables, input variables and final value variables as objective functions was constructed. Considering system input and state constraints, a CyberShip II fully driven ship was simulated to verify the circular trajectory under environmental interference force, and the influence of parameters of the cascaded MPC controller was analyzed. Finally, the influence of controller parameters on circular trajectory tracking performance is studied under the interference of environmental forces with different frequencies and amplitudes. Results The designed controller can effectively meet the performance requirements of trajectory tracking, and can resist different degrees of environmental interference by adjusting specific parameters, which improves the robustness and stability of the system. Conclusions The research results provide a certain reference value for the trajectory tracking of fully driven ships.

     

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