Abstract: The development of antenna technology has always been restricted by its essential physical limits, but the advancement of artificial structures with unique electric properties, namely metamaterials, offers great opportunities for improving the performance of existing antenna designs and introducing new functions. This article introduces the concepts of "metamaterials" and "metasurfaces". The design of metasurfaces and metasurface antennas is introduced in detail with the example of the microwave meta-lens. The latest progress in the research and development (R&D) of microwave metantenna technology, namely metamaterial and metasurface based antennas, is then briefly summarized. More importantly, the article offers thoughts on future key topics of microwave meta-antenna R&D.