基于SPH方法的黄河破冰船冰阻力数值模拟分析

Numerical simulation analysis of ice resistance of icebreaker on Yellow River using SPH method

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  针对黄河在冬季易结冰而造成冰凌灾害问题，对黄河破冰船的冰阻力进行数值预报。
      方法  首先，基于光滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）计算方法建立船−冰−水耦合数值模型，该模型包括SPH方法中冰的本构方程、屈服准则以及耦合模型的实现过程；然后，采用该数值方法对不同工况下破冰船的冰阻力进行预报分析。
      结果  结果显示，在平整冰情况下，冰阻力的预报精度与经验公式间的误差小于17.6%；破冰船的冰阻力随弯曲强度和冰厚的增加而增大，其中冰层厚度是影响冰阻力最主要的因素。
      结论  所提的船−冰−水耦合SPH方法能够对实际黄河河道中破冰船的冰阻力进行有效预报，可为黄河破冰船的实际操作提供参考。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  The ice resistance of an ice breaker on the Yellow River is predicted in the context of ice disasters caused by the freezing of the river in winter.
      Methods  First, a ship-ice-water coupled numerical model is introduced on the basis of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method (SPH), which includes the numerical process of the constitutive equation, yield criterion and coupling model of ice. The prediction results for the ice resistance of the icebreaker under different conditions are then given.
      Results  The results show that the prediction error of ice resistance in level ice cases is less than 17.6% compared with empirical formulas; the ice resistance of the ice breaker increases with the increase in bending strength and ice thickness, and the thickness of the ice layer is the most important factor for the ice load.
      Conclusion  The ship-ice-water coupled SPH method proposed in this paper can predict the ice resistance of an ice breaker in the Yellow River channel, providing references for the actual operation of ice breakers on the Yellow River.

     

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