Objective In order to improve the power quality of ships under complex working conditions, an energy management strategy based on wavelet decomposition is proposed for fuel cell ships with a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of a battery and supercapacitor.

Methods  First, wavelet decomposition and fuzzy logic control are used to distribute the load power of the ship and optimize the charging and discharging process of the battery. Next, grey wolf optimizer （GWO） is used to optimize the parameters of the HESS and ensure that the energy management strategy matches the equipment parameters. Finally, the ship power system model is built using the Matlab/Simulink platform, and the simulation experiment is verified.

Results The simulation results show that the proposed energy management strategy can effectively suppress the output power fluctuation of the fuel cell and realize rational power distribution among devices, reducing the optimized bus voltage fluctuation by 23.19%.

Conclusion This study can provide useful references for the optimization design of the power quality of ships.