Review on the evaluation methods of shock resistance for ship power equipment
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摘要: 舰船动力设备抗冲击能力是舰船安全稳定运行的重要保障,而合理的评估方法可较为方便地获得动力设备抗冲击特性预测结果。将冲击过程分为低/高速碰撞冲击过程与非接触爆炸冲击过程,从主从系统关系入手阐述舰船设备非一体化与一体化抗冲击方法,总结舰船动力设备抗冲击研究进展,提出舰船动力设备抗冲击领域重点研究技术。舰船设备非一体化方法分为等效静力法、动态设计分析法及时域分析法3类,并结合舰船设备一体化方法的特点,总结得出:等效静力法仅适用于低频影响的结构简单动力设备;动态设计分析法忽略了邻近设备、隔振系统及船体结构对冲击输入载荷的影响;时域分析法仅适用于爆炸冲击等特定场景或冲击信号输入;舰船设备一体化考虑了船体结构-基座-隔振系统-设备形成的多自由度系统 ,计算结果更贴近于实际工况数据,但在建模和计算过程中需要消耗大量的资源。准确的评估方法选取、抗冲击试验台的合理改进、冲击响应信号提取分析、动力设备多场耦合作用分析、动力设备物理模型简化研究、内部流动介质等效替代研究、数据挖掘和深度学习方法结合将成为舰船动力设备抗冲击的重要发展方向。Abstract: The shock resistance capability of the ship power equipment is an important guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the ships, and a reasonable evaluation method can be more convenient to obtain the prediction results of power equipment shock resistance. The impact process is divided into low/high speed collision impact process and non-contact explosion impact process, and the non-integrated and integrated shock resistance methods of ship equipment are described from the master-slave system, which summarizes the progress of research on shock resistance for ship power equipment and puts forward the key research technologies in the field of shock resistance for ship power equipment. The non-integrated methods of ship equipment are divided into three categories: equivalent static method, dynamic design analysis method and time domain analysis method, and combined with the characteristics of integration method for ship equipment, it is concluded that: the equivalent static method is only applicable to structurally simple power equipment with low frequency effects; The dynamic design analysis method neglects the effects of adjacent equipment, vibration isolation system and hull structure on the impact input loads;The time-domain analysis method is only applicable to specific scenarios or shock signal inputs such as explosive shocks; The integration of ship equipment takes into account the multi-degree-of-freedom system formed by the hull structure
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