A fast finite element modeling approach of ship structure based on knowledge
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摘要:
目的 针对船舶结构有限元分析（FEA）过程中创建有限元模型耗时且严重依赖工程师经验的问题，提出一种基于知识和几何模型特征的快速有限元建模框架。 方法 该方法充分利用CAD系统现有的模型数据，通过模型特征实现CAD与CAE系统之间的模型数据共享。首先，基于专家知识对CAD几何特征进行工程语义标记，生成CAD信息模型；然后，基于构建的知识规则对CAD信息模型进行特征约简；最后，采用XML中性文件构建基于知识的数据传递和匹配方法，将几何特征和属性信息与预先构建的CAE参数化模板进行匹配，实现船舶结构快速有限元建模。 结果 以某6.6万吨散货船典型装载工况的舱段结构强度计算分析为例，该方法能够实现几何模型、边界条件等信息的自动提取、标记以及模型自动约简，通过基于知识的特征匹配规则快速实现结构有限元建模及分析，有效减少了数据传递过程中丢失并实现知识重用。 结论 通过嵌入知识重用规则搭建的船舶结构快速有限元建模方法提高了CAD与CAE系统之间数据、信息、知识的转换效率，在实际工程中具有良好的通用性和可扩展性。 Abstract:Objective Since creating finite element models in finite element analysis (FEA) of ship structures is time-consuming and highly dependent on engineers' experience, this paper proposes knowledge-based fast finite element modeling approach to solve this problem. This approach makes full use of the existing model data of CAD system and shares of model data between CAD and CAE system through the model features. Method First, based on expert knowledge, the CAD geometric features are marked with engineering semantics to generate CAD information models; Secondly, feature reduction of CAD information model is carried out based on the constructed knowledge rules. Finally, neutral file XML is used to construct a knowledge-based data transfer and matching method, so that geometric features and attribute information can be matched with the pre-constructed CAE parameterized template, so that the finite element modeling of ship structure can be done quickly. Results Taking the structural strength analysis of a typical loading condition of a 66,000 ton bulk carrier as an example, this approach can realize the automatic extraction, labeling and model automatic reduction of geometric model, boundary conditions and other information, and quickly complete the finite element modeling and analysis of structure through the knowledge based feature matching rules, effectively reduce the loss of data in the process of transmission and realize the reuse of knowledge. Conclusions The fast finite element modeling approach of ship structure built by embedding knowledge reuse rules improves the conversion efficiency of data, information and knowledge between CAD and CAE systems, and has good universality and expansibility in practical engineering. -
图 1 基于知识的CAD/CAE集成框架流程图
Figure 1. The process of the knowledge-based CAD/CAE integration framework
图 4 基于知识和特征的几何模型约简过程
Figure 4. The flowchart of geometric model simplification based on knowledge and features
图 5 数据、信息和知识的多层传递过程
Figure 5. The process of multi-layer transfer among the data, information and knowledge
图 6 有限元建模智能生成方案流程图
Figure 6. The flowchart of intelligent generation scheme for finite element modeling
图 7 6.6万吨散货船货舱段中横剖面图（单位：mm）
Figure 7. Transverse mid-ship section of hold section for the 66,000 ton bulk carrier cargo (all dimensions in mm)
图 8 船中横剖面的工程语义标记
Figure 8. The engineering semantic markup for the transverse mid-ship structure
图 10 船舶结构快速有限元建模的实现过程
Figure 10. Implementation process for fast finite element modeling of ship structure
图 11 商业有限元软件分析结果
Figure 11. The analysis results calculated through commercial finite element software
表 1 目标船的主尺度
Table 1. Principal particulars of the object ship
参数 数值 总长/m 192.60 垂线间长/m 190.12 型宽/m 36.00 型深/m 17.00 结构吃水/m 12.20 结构方形系数 0.90 
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表 2 目标船主要细节
Table 2. Main details of the object ship
板名称 AH板厚/mm 主甲板 23 舷侧外板 14 ，14.5，15.5 舱口围板 20 外底板 14，16 舭部外板 15 顶边舱斜板 13，13.5，14，18 底边舱斜板 18 内底板 19，19.5 实肋板 11.5
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