船首结构冰致动力响应的准静态等效研究

赵瑾; 王燕舞; 李哲; 冯国庆

doi:10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.03074

船首结构冰致动力响应的准静态等效研究

doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.03074

赵瑾^1,,
王燕舞^2,,
李哲^3,,
冯国庆^1, ,

1.
哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
2.
中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院，上海 200011
3.
北京强度环境研究所，北京 100076

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52171301）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵瑾，女，1998年生，硕士生，研究方向：船体结构强度。E-mail：15658226890@163.com

王燕舞，男，1979年生，博士，研究员。研究方向：船舶结构设计。E-mail：wyw_lg1997@163.com

李哲，男，1993年生，硕士，工程师。研究方向：结构动力学。E-mail：18845072114@163.com

冯国庆，男，1976年生，博士，教授，博士生导师。研究方向：船舶与海洋工程环境载荷与结构强度。E-mail：fgqac102@163.com

通信作者:
冯国庆

中图分类号: U663.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-08
- 修回日期: 2023-02-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-10

Quasi-static equivalent study on ice induced dynamic response of bow structure

ZHAO Jin^1
,,
WANG Yanwu^2
,,
LI Zhe^3
,,
FENG Guoqing^{1
, ,}

1.
College of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
2.
Marine Design and Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200011, China
3.
Beijing Institute of Structure and Engineering, Beijing 100076, China

船首结构冰致动力响应的准静态等效研究由赵瑾，等创作，采用知识共享署名4.0国际许可协议进行许可。

摘要

摘要: 目的随着极地探索技术的不断发展，针对冰区航线的船体结构设计不再局限于传统的经验公式方法，人们更加关注作用于结构上的实际冰载荷及结构响应，研究冰载荷作用下的结构响应计算成为极地船舶结构设计中的关键因素。方法首先通过有限元方法对某极地航行船舶遭遇的碎冰、浮冰、层冰等冰载荷工况进行数值仿真，考虑材料应变率影响，计算冰载荷作用下的结构动态响应；其次以结构响应等效为基准，进行动态响应的静态转换，并提出动静转化系数的概念；最后给出不同冰载荷工况下动静转化系数的取值范围。结果结果表明，船首结构在不同工况下动载荷响应的静载荷等效转换计算的转换系数为1.0～1.4之间。结论船首结构冰致动力响应的准静态等效方法是合理可行的。
- 冰载荷 /
- 应变率 /
- 结构响应 /
- 动静转化系数
Abstract: Objectives As polar exploration develops, hull structure designs for ice routes are no longer limited to the traditional empirical formula method as more attention is paid to the actual ice load and structural response acting on the structure. The study of structural response calculation under ice load is crucial for the structural design of polar ships. Methods First, the finite element method is used to numerically simulate the ice load cases of a polar navigation ship, such as crushed ice, floating ice and layered ice. Considering the influence of the material strain rate, the dynamic response of the structure under ice load is calculated. Second, based on the structural response equivalence, the static transformation of the dynamic response is completed, and the concept of the dynamic static transformation coefficient is proposed. Finally, the range of the dynamic static conversion coefficient under different ice load cases is obtained. Results The results show that the conversion coefficient of the dynamic-static equivalent conversion of the bow structure under different ice load cases is between 1.0 and 1.4. Conclusions The quasi-static equivalent method of the ice-induced dynamic response of a bow structure is verified as reasonable and feasible.
- ice load /
- strain rate /
- structural response /
- dynamic static conversion coefficient

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图 1 冰载荷计算模型

Figure 1. Ice load calculation model

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图 2 子区域位置

Figure 2. Sub area location

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图 3 实测冰载荷时历曲线

Figure 3. Time history curve of measured ice load

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图 4 结构频率

Figure 4. Structural frequency

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图 5 载荷频率

Figure 5. Load frequency

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图 6 各区域实测冰载荷动态响应曲线

Figure 6. Dynamic response curve of measured ice load in each area

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图 7 冰载荷峰值加载图示

Figure 7. Ice load peak load diagram

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图 8 冰载荷静力响应云图

Figure 8. Static response cloud diagram of ice load

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表 1 冰载荷峰值参数表

Table 1. Ice load peak value parameter table

	碎冰工况			浮冰工况			层冰工况
区域	$ {y_{\max }} $/MPa	$ {x_{\max }} $/s	S/s	$ {y_{\max }} $/MPa	$ {x_{\max }} $/s	S/s	$ {y_{\max }} $/MPa	$ {x_{\max }} $/s	S/s
1	1.00E−4	1.87	0.13	1.00E−4	3.22	0.29	1.00E−4	2.17	0.38
2	1.00E−4	2.12	0.23	1.00E−4	2.23	0.31	9.10E−3	2.39	0.11
3	1.00E−4	0.71	0.38	1.00E−4	1.87	0.25	1.00E−4	2.56	0.21
4	1.00E−4	1.89	0.41	1.20E+0	3.21	0.38	2.00E+0	3.39	0.23
5	1.20E−1	1.25	0.31	3.20E−1	1.14	0.40	1.20E+0	2.39	0.18
6	1.30E−1	1.17	0.15	4.50E−1	1.12	0.28	5.10E−1	2.83	0.21
7	8.00E−2	1.10	0.32	4.00E−2	2.59	0.80	3.80E−1	1.87	0.22
8	1.40E−1	1.08	0.25	6.00E−2	2.61	0.52	5.10E−1	1.85	0.35
9	7.00E−2	1.97	0.17	7.90E−1	2.65	0.46	5.70E−1	0.76	0.32

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表 2 材料参数

Table 2. Material parameters

类型	名称	数据
弹性参数/MPa	杨氏模量	2.1E+5
弹性参数/MPa	泊松比	0.3
塑性参数/MPa	屈服强度	390
塑性参数/MPa	极限强度	510～660
材料密/（t·mm⁻³）	$ \rho $	7.8E−9
应变率参数/（s⁻¹）	D	40.4
应变率参数/（s⁻¹）	q	5

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表 3 动载荷最大响应汇总

Table 3. Dynamic load maximum response summary

类型	$ {\sigma _{dynamic}} $/MPa	区域	应变率/s⁻¹	最大响应的时刻/t
碎冰	49.85	6	0.0005	1.08
浮冰	277.38	4	0.0026	3.28
层冰	450.87	4	0.0043	3.16

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表 4 瞬时冰载荷加载

Table 4. Instantaneous ice load loading

类型	区域	载荷/MPa
碎冰	5	0.071
	6	0.017
	7	0.065
	8	0.142
浮冰	4	1.184
层冰	4	2.000

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表 5 静力响应结果汇总

Table 5. Summary of static response results

类型	$ {\sigma _{static - p}} $/MPa	$ {\sigma _{static - t}} $/MPa	区域
碎冰	42.2	20.3	6
浮冰	210	206	4
层冰	350	346	4

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表 6 动静转换系数

Table 6. Dynamic and static conversion coefficient

类型	$ {\sigma _{static - p}} $/MPa	$ {\sigma _{static - t}} $/MPa	$ {\sigma _{dynamic}} $/MPa	$ {f_1} $	$ {f_1}^\prime $
碎冰	42.2	20.3	49.85	1.18	2.45
浮冰	210	206	277.38	1.32	1.35
层冰	350	346	450.87	1.29	1.30

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表 7 动静转化结果汇总表

Table 7. Summary of dynamic and static transformation results

类型	应变率/s⁻¹	$ [{\sigma _{dynamic}}] $/MPa	$ {f_1} $	$ {f_2} $	$ {f_3} $
碎冰	0.0005	430.70	1.18	1.07	1.10
浮冰	0.0026	446.59	1.32	1.15	1.15
层冰	0.0043	452.58	1.29	1.12	1.16

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