Numerical analysis of ice load on floating platform in polar region based on high-performance discrete element method
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摘要:
目的 冰载荷是极区浮式平台结构安全性分析及完整性管理的重要输入，建立快速有效的冰载荷预报技术可保障浮式平台的安全运营。 方法 基于CUDA-C并行处理技术，建立可用于海冰模拟的高性能离散元方法(DEM）。采用Voronoi分割算法生成平台作业时的碎冰域，其海冰由具有黏结−失效效应的球体单元组成，且黏结单元的破碎由失效准则控制。平台结构由三角单元构成，考虑其在浮力、锚链恢复力及冰载荷共同作用下的六自由度运动。 结果 由模型计算得到，浮式结构在海冰持续作用下的总体冰载荷合理分布在实测数据范围内。 结论 极区浮式平台冰区运行时冰载荷受冰厚影响较大，应配套破冰服务以减弱其作业区域的冰情。 Abstract:Objectives Ice load is an important input for floating platforms in polar regions in terms of structural safety analysis and integrity management. As such, the establishment of fast and effective ice load forecasting techniques can guarantee the safe operation of floating platforms. Methods A high-performance discrete element method (DEM) used for sea ice modeling based on the CUDA-C parallel processing technique is established. The pack ice around a platform during operation is generated using the Voronoi algorithm, and the ice sheet is constructed from sphere elements considering the bond-break effect controlled by the failure criterion. The hull structure is constructed from triangular elements and treated as a six-degrees of freedom system under the action of buoyancy, ice load and restoring force of mooring line. The global ice load on the moored structure is calculated under the continuous action of ice. Results The influence of ice thickness is studied statistically and the numerical results validated with field test results from Kulluk. Conclusions Ice thickness has a significant impact on the ice load of a floating platform during operation in ice-covered waters, so an ice-breaking service should be supplied to weaken the ice conditions in the operation area. -
Key words:
- floating platform /
- ice load /
- discrete element method (DEM)) /
- parallel bond model
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图 2 模拟海冰冻结效应的平行黏结模型
Figure 2. Parallel bond model for simulating the freezing effect of sea ice
图 6 离散元法模拟中破碎冰与Kulluk浮式平台间的相互作用
Figure 6. Interaction between pack ice and Kulluk floating platform simulated with DEM
表 1 Kulluk浮式平台与碎冰作用时的离散单元计算参数
Table 1. Computational parameters of DEM when Kulluk floating platform interacts with pack ice
参数 数值 浮冰区域面积(长×宽)/m2 $ 300 \times 200 $ 海冰单元平均面积Ai /m2 200 海冰密集度Si /% 70 海冰密度ρi /(kg·m-3) 920 海水密度ρw /(kg·m-3) 1 035 冰速vi /(kg·m-1) 0.5 冰厚hi /m 0.5~2.0 颗粒间的弹性模量$G$/GPa 1 颗粒间法向(切向)黏结强度$ {\bar{\sigma }}_{\mathrm{n}}\left(\bar{\tau }\right) $/MPa 0.6 
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