Analysis of dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of steam dump conditions of marine nuclear power plant
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摘要:
目的 基于船舶核动力装置蒸汽旁排系统的运行需求，开展旁排工况的动态特性分析及影响因素研究。 方法 根据蒸汽旁排系统的功能特点，建立蒸汽发生器、蒸汽系统、蒸汽旁路系统与主汽轮机匹配运行时的数学物理模型，分析汽轮机主汽阀速关、汽轮机甩负荷等极端工况下的动态运行特性和一、二回路的耦合匹配特性，验证仿真模型的精度和通用性。 结果 仿真结果表明：在旁排工况运行时，应根据船用反应堆的功率自调能力来选择合适的旁排阀、主汽阀及其匹配动作时间，并综合考虑蒸汽母管超压和汽轮机组超速等安全问题，同时应满足船舶其他设备的用汽需求。 结论 研究成果可为船舶核动力装置旁排工况的安全控制及旁排系统的优化设计提供参考。 Abstract:Objectives Based on the operation requirements of the steam dump system of marine nuclear power plant, the dynamic characteristics and influencing factors of steam dump conditions are analyzed. Methods According to the functional characteristics of the steam dump system, mathematical and physical models of the matching operations of the steam generator, steam system, bypass system and main steam turbine are established. In order to verify the accuracy and universality of the simulation model, an analysis is made of the dynamic operation characteristics and coupling matching characteristics of the primary and secondary circuits under extreme working conditions, such as the quick shut-off operation of the main stop valve and load rejection of the steam turbine. Results The simulation results show that when operating under steam dump conditions, the appropriate steam dump valve, main stop valve and their matching action time should be selected according to the power self-regulation capacity of the marine reactor, and safety problems such as the overpressure of the steam header and overspeed of the steam turbine unit should be comprehensively considered. At the same time, the steam demands of other equipments on the ship should be met. Conclusions The results of this study can provide references for the safety control of steam dump conditions and the optimal design of the steam dump systems of marine nuclear power plants. -
Key words:
- steam bypass system /
- nuclear power plant /
- steam pressure /
- steam turbine
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图 1 100%额定工况下速关后蒸汽压力变化
Figure 1. Variation of steam pressure after action of quick shut-off valve under 100% rated condition
图 2 不同速关工况下蒸汽压力变化
Figure 2. Variation of steam pressure with different quick shut-off conditions
图 3 不同旁排阀特性下蒸汽压力变化
Figure 3. Variation of steam pressure with different steam dumb valve characteristics
图 4 不同调节阀关闭时间下的蒸汽压力变化
Figure 4. Variation of steam pressure with different shut-off times of regulating valve
图 5 不同反应堆功率调节特性下蒸汽压力变化
Figure 5. Variation of steam pressure with different reactor power regulation characteristics
表 1 计算值和设计值的对比结果
Table 1. Comparison of calculated and design values
参数（额定工况） 设计值 仿真计算值 相对误差/% 蒸汽发生器的
出口压力1 1.0077 0.7 蒸汽发生器的
出口蒸汽流量1 1.0109 1.09 旁排蒸汽流量 1 1.0031 0.31 
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