Reliability analysis of compact and high efficient heat exchanger for FLNG devices
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摘要:
目的 目前，紧凑高效换热器已成为海上浮式液化天然气（FLNG）换热装置的最佳选择。为了优化换热器的结构参数并提升工作性能，有必要针对换热器开展静强度分析和可靠性分析。 方法 首先，采用ANSYS Workbench静力学分析模块对换热器芯体进行静强度分析，建立可以代表大部分流道应力水平的简化模型；然后，采用ANSYS Workbench六西格玛分析模块对换热器芯体进行可靠性分析，并选择换热器芯体的冷侧流道壁厚、冷侧流道压力、热侧流道压力和弹性模量等参数作为随机输入变量，进而研究各个随机变量对其可靠性的影响。 结果 可靠性分析结果表明，冷侧流道压力对结构强度的影响最大，且换热器可靠性达99.9%以上，其发生失效的可能性很小。 结论 研究成果可为基于静强度的换热器可靠性分析提供参考。 Abstract:Objectives So far, the compact and high-efficiency heat exchanger is the best choice for floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) heat exchangers. Static strength analysis and reliability analysis are required to optimize the structural parameters of a heat exchanger and improve its performance. Methods First, the strength of the heat exchanger core is analyzed using the ANSYS Workbench static analysis module, and a simplified model is established which can represent the stress level of most channels. Next, the reliability analysis of the heat exchanger is conducted using the six sigma analysis of the ANSYS Workbench by choosing the cold channel thickness, cold channel pressure, hot channel pressure and elastic modulus as input random variables, and the effects of these random variables on the reliability of the heat exchanger are studied. Results The reliability analysis results show that the cold channel pressure loading is the greatest factor in structural strength, and the reliability of the heat exchanger is more than 99.9%, so the possibility of failure is very low. Conclusions The results of this study can serve as valuable references for the reliability analysis of heat exchangers based on strength. -
图 10 不同网格数量下冷侧流道之间的薄膜应力
Figure 10. Membrane stress between the cold channels for various element quantities
图 11 不同网格数下冷侧流道之间的薄膜应力与弯曲应力之和
Figure 11. Sum of membrane stress and bending stress between the cold channels for various element quantities
图 12 不同简化模型冷侧流道之间的薄膜应力与弯曲应力之和
Figure 12. Sum of membrane stress and bending stress between the cold channels for different simplified models
表 1 紧凑高效换热器的设计参数
Table 1. The design parameters of compact and high efficient heat exchanger
设计参数 数值或内容 材料 S31603 冷侧流道直径DC /mm 1.5 热侧流道直径Dh /mm 1.5 热侧流道X向间距W/mm 2 热侧流道Z向间距V/mm 3.5 冷侧流道Y向间距U/mm 2.0 冷侧流道与热侧流道的Z向间距R/mm 1.0 冷侧流道Z向间距H/mm 3.5 冷侧流道流体 液氮 热侧流道流体 丙烷 冷侧流道进口温度/℃ −188.7 热侧流道进口温度/℃ −5 冷侧流道设计压力最大值/MPa 20 热侧流道设计压力最大值/MPa 2.5 冷侧流道压力范围/MPa 5~20 热侧流道压力范围/MPa 0.4~2.5 
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表 2 S31603的材料物性
Table 2. Material properties of S31603
物性类别 数值 弹性模量/Pa 2.06×1011 密度/(kg·m−3) 7 980 泊松比 0.3
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表 3 S31603的许用应力[10]
Table 3. Allowable stress of S31603
温度
T/℃ASME BPVC 第Ⅲ卷
许用应力S0/MPaASME BPVC 第Ⅷ卷
许用应力S/MPa38 115.1 184.2 93 115.1 184.2 149 115.1 184.2 204 108.2 173.2 260 102.0 163.3 316 96.5 154.4 371 93.1 148.9 427 89.0 142.3
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表 4 网格划分方案
Table 4. The mesh generation scheme
模型 网格尺寸/mm 网格数量 2×2×2 0.100 124 889 0.050 1 154 318 0.025 2 140 219 0.020 3 469 116 0.015 6 401 830 0.012 5 9 330 970 0.010 14 048 858 4×4×4 0.100 1 140 340 0.050 4 243 567 0.045 4 496 539 0.040 6 481 493 0.035 9 733 098 0.030 13 208 800 0.025 19 090 135 8×8×8 0.100 8 297 178 0.090 8 990 985 0.080 13 715 988 0.070 19 583 615
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表 5 随机输入变量的正态分布参数
Table 5. Normal distribution parameters of input random variable
变量名称 均值 标准差 冷侧流道壁厚 $\delta $ / mm0.5 0.01 弹性模量E/ MPa 206 000 3 269.7 冷侧流道压力pcold/ MPa 12.5 2.5 热侧流道压力 phot/ MPa 1.45 0.35
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表 6 薄膜应力的概率列表
Table 6. Probability table of membrane stress
薄膜应力/MPa 概率 西格玛级数 薄膜应力/MPa 概率 西格玛级数 9.527 792 0.000 069 −3.810 61 41.414 27 0.637 517 0.351 83 11.805 400 0.000 157 −3.603 46 43.691 87 0.731 478 0.617 288 14.083 00 0.000 354 −3.386 42 45.969 48 0.812 479 0.887 068 16.360 61 0.001 674 −2.933 88 48.247 08 0.873 548 1.143 325 18.638 21 0.004 987 −2.576 76 50.524 69 0.920 745 1.410 097 20.915 82 0.010 497 −2.308 08 52.802 30 0.955 092 1.696 365 23.193 42 0.022 878 −1.997 64 55.079 90 0.975 418 1.967 169 25.471 03 0.046 698 −1.677 75 57.357 51 0.987 775 2.249 978 27.748 64 0.085 285 −1.370 37 59.635 11 0.994 657 2.552 79 30.026 24 0.137 771 −1.090 39 61.912 72 0.997 516 2.809 12 32.303 85 0.215 568 −0.787 25 64.190 32 0.999 219 3.162 882 34.581 45 0.314 733 −0.482 48 66.467 93 0.999 83 3.582 305 36.859 06 0.421 975 −0.196 84 68.745 53 0.999 931 3.810 609 39.136 66 0.525 326 0.063 525
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表 7 薄膜应力与弯曲应力之和的概率列表
Table 7. Probability table of sum of membrane stress and bending stress
薄膜应力与弯曲应力之和/MPa 概率 西格玛级数 薄膜应力与弯曲应力之和/MPa 概率 西格玛级数 11.909 60 0.000 069 −3.810 61 62.775 28 0.837 95 0.986 066 15.542 87 0.000 243 −3.488 46 66.408 54 0.887 437 1.213 01 19.176 13 0.002 071 −2.867 17 70.041 8 0.928 263 1.462 976 22.809 39 0.008 03 −2.407 55 73.675 06 0.954 461 1.689 74 26.442 65 0.022 498 −2.004 70 77.308 32 0.974 978 1.959 588 30.075 91 0.054 555 −1.602 21 80.941 59 0.986 908 2.223 469 33.709 18 0.100 593 −1.278 18 84.574 85 0.993 65 2.492 056 37.342 44 0.169 529 −0.956 03 88.208 11 0.997 625 2.823 514 40.975 70 0.266 875 −0.622 29 91.841 37 0.999 019 3.095 952 44.608 96 0.377 615 −0.311 75 95.474 64 0.999 638 3.380 586 48.242 23 0.487 215 −0.032 05 99.107 90 0.999 861 3.635 545 51.875 49 0.589 435 0.226 091 102.741 20 0.999 902 3.723 077 55.508 75 0.689 585 0.494 675 106.374 40 0.999 931 3.810 609 59.142 01 0.772 417 0.746 831
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