汪金辉, 张宪达, 陈科烨. 顶部开口船舱火灾下结构热力耦合方法研究[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2021, 16(3): 74–85, 111. doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.01903
引用本文: 汪金辉, 张宪达, 陈科烨. 顶部开口船舱火灾下结构热力耦合方法研究[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2021, 16(3): 74–85, 111. doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.01903
WANG J H, ZHANG X D, CHEN K Y. Study on thermo-mechanical coupling method of ship cabin with ceiling vent under fire condition[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2021, 16(3): 74–85, 111. doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.01903
Citation: WANG J H, ZHANG X D, CHEN K Y. Study on thermo-mechanical coupling method of ship cabin with ceiling vent under fire condition[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2021, 16(3): 74–85, 111. doi: 10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.01903

顶部开口船舱火灾下结构热力耦合方法研究

Study on thermo-mechanical coupling method of ship cabin with ceiling vent under fire condition

  • 摘要:
      目的  船舶舱室钢结构在火灾环境下的性能分析是结构防火设计的理论基础,与传统的标准升温法相比,基于真实火灾温度场的研究更能准确分析船舱结构的力学响应行为。为此,以船舶开口机舱结构为研究对象,开发基于FDS和ANSYS的火−热−结构耦合数值模拟方法。
      方法  首先,采用FDS模拟得到火灾壁面温度场数据,以此温度场为边界条件,传输到结构有限元分析软件ANSYS中进行机舱结构的瞬态热分析温度场计算;然后,对机舱模型进行热−结构行为耦合计算,实现机舱结构在火灾场景下的力学响应分析,并应用该方法开展机舱受火案例研究。
      结果  结果表明,结构应力分布不均匀,最大应力集中在机舱外的边缘处,达到19 MPa,受火后结构未到极限状态。
      结论  与传统的标准升温曲线法相比,所提方法能考虑结构非均匀升温、真实火灾升温这两个重要方面。机舱应重点关注非均匀升温造成的结构内力变化。

     

    Abstract:
      Objectives  The performance analysis of ship cabin steel structures in fire situations is fundamental to structural fire resistance design. Compared with research conducted under traditional standard fire conditions, research based on the real fire temperature field can more accurately analyze the mechanical response behavior of cabin structures. Aiming at an open cabin (i.e. engine room) structure, a fire-heat-structure coupling method combining FDS and ANSYS is developed.
      Methods  First, the FDS simulation is utilized to obtain the temperature information of the inside ship wall exposed to the fire, which is then used as the boundary condition transferred to the structural finite element analysis software ANSYS. Transient thermal analysis concerning the temperature field of the cabin structure is then conducted, and the thermal-structural coupling analysis of the ship cabin structure carried out in a real fire scenario.
      Results  The results of the case study using the proposed method demonstrate that the stress distribution is not uniform due to the uneven temperature distribution. The maximum stress is concentrated at the edge of the cabin, with a value of 19 MPa. The structure does not reach the failure limit after being exposed to fire.
      Conclusions  Compared with the traditional standard fire curve method, the proposed method has two advantages for addressing structural response: the non-uniform elevated temperature of the structure and real fire temperature rise. More attention should be paid to the change in structural internal force caused by non-uniform temperature rise in an open ship cabin.

     

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