Simulation and calculation of ascent rate control of large escape capsule for submarines
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摘要:
目的 潜艇逃生舱在失事紧急上浮时速度过快会危及逃生艇员的生命，需要对逃生舱的上浮运动进行模拟计算，以解决艇员集体安全逃生的问题。为此，设计了一种潜艇大型集体逃生舱模型。 方法 根据建立的可模拟逃生舱上浮过程的数学模型，利用Fluent软件模拟逃生舱的上浮运动，计算其上浮速度。通过对3种逃生舱减速设计方案进行模拟计算和分析， 检验其减速效果。 结果 结果显示，在不采取减速措施的情况下，逃生舱最大上浮速度可达27.1 m/s，会严重威胁逃生艇员的生命安全；3种减速方案均可将逃生舱上浮速度控制在5 m/s以内，但各有优缺点。 结论 经综合分析，选择了减速翼结构型式作为最优减速方案。 Abstract:Objectives The high ascent rate of escape capsule will endanger the life of crew inside after the capsule released from a wrecked submarine. For the safety of crew, it is necessary to simulate the motion of escape capsule in the process of ascending operation. Hence, a mathematical model of a large escape capsule for submarines is designed. Methods In this study, the ascending motion of the escape capsule was simulated using Fluent software based on the constructed mathematical model, and the ascent rate of the escape capsule during ascending was calculated. Three schemes of deceleration measure for the escape capsule were designed to simulate the ascending motion, the ascent rate of each scheme was then obtained, and the deceleration effects were validated. Results The simulation results show that, if no deceleration measures are adopted, its maximum ascent rate can reach 27.1 m/s, and the life safety of the escaping crew will be severely threatened. The three deceleration measures proposed in this paper can all satisfy the the requirements of controlling the ascent rate within 5 m/s, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Conclusions Through a comprehensive analysis of the deceleration effects, the wing configuration for deceleration measure is finally selected as the optimal scheme. -
Key words:
- submarine /
- escape capsule /
- speed control
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图 7 带减速伞的逃生舱网格划分
Figure 7. Mesh generation of the escape capsule with deceleration parachute configuration
图 9 减速伞方案中逃生舱的阻力
Figure 9. Resistance of the escape capsule with deceleration parachute configuration
图 13 减速翼方案中逃生舱阻力
Figure 13. Resistance of the escape capsule with deceleration wing configuration
表 1 逃生舱模型重力与浮力计算结果
Table 1. Calculations of gravity and buoyancy for the escape capsule model
受力 逃生情况 单人逃生 全员逃生 舱体重力/N 42 536.16 42 536.16 负载重力/N 7 546 48 020 总重力/N 50 082.16 90 556.16 浮力/N 231 625.64 231 625.64 正浮力/N 181 543.48 141 069.48 
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