Concepts of waterjet propulsion and pumpjet propulsion:their common characteristics, special characteristics and differences
-
摘要:
目的 针对国内外喷水推进和泵喷推进的概念缺乏完整定义、外延尚存混淆、产品称谓混乱的现状， 方法 通过对这2种推进器工作原理和具体结构的剖析，进行共性提炼和特性区分，提出喷水推进和泵喷推进的定义，指出它们的共性、特性及区别。 结果 喷水推进和泵喷推进均属泵类推进，都是通过管道内叶轮和导叶的流场匹配设计在喷口产生轴向射流而获得推进作用；喷水推进的第一设计指标是高效率、首要保证快速性，相应的设计结果是喷水推进器；泵喷推进的第一设计指标是低噪声、首要保证声隐身性，相应的设计结果是泵喷推进器。 结论 该定义不仅包含和区分了已问世至今的喷水推进器和泵喷推进器，而且也明示了国外某些泵类推进器命名存在的问题。该定义有助于业内对喷水推进和泵喷推进的认识和区分。 Abstract:Objectives In view of the lack of complete definition, confusion about denotation of basic concepts of waterjet and pumpjet and confusion of product appellations both at home and abroad at present, Methods the common and special characteristics of the two propulsors were refined out and their differences distinguished based on the analysis of their working principle and concrete structures, the definitions of waterjet propulsion and pumpjet propulsion were proposed and their common characteristics, special characteristics and differences were pointed out. Results The waterjet and pumpjet are all pump-type propulsors, all of which rely on the matching design of rotors and stators on the flow field inside a duct to produce an axial jet. The first design index of waterjet is high efficiency and the rapidity shall be ensured primarily, whose design result is a waterjet. The first design index of pumpjet is low noise (the acoustic stealth)shall be ensured primarily, whose design result is a pumpjet. Conclusions This definition not only includes and distinguishes all existing waterjets and pumpjets, but also points out the problems of some foreign pump-type propulsor's nomenclature and classification. This definition helps the public understand and distinguish between waterjet propulsion and pumpjet propulsion. -
Key words:
- marine propulsion /
- underwater vehicle /
- rapidity /
- acoustic stealth /
- waterjet /
- pumpjet
-
图 2 舷外机推进器剖视图（黑色为叶轮、灰白为导叶）
Figure 2. Cross-sectional view of outboard propeller (black for impeller, offwhite for stator)
图 3 离心式推进器进水口（格栅处）和3个出水口
Figure 3. A inlet (at grille) and three outlets for centrifugal jet
图 10 美国海军全电力推进试验舰上安装的浸没式喷水推进器
Figure 10. Sub-waterjet equipped in a full electric propulsion testing ship of US navy
图 11 船模试验用的浸没式喷水推进器（5叶前置叶轮、7叶后置导叶）
Figure 11. Testing model of sub-waterjet (front-installed impeller of 5 blades, rear-mounted stator of 7 blades)
图 12 船模试验用的浸没式喷水推进器（5叶前置叶轮、7叶后置导叶）
Figure 12. Testing model of sub-waterjet (front-installed impeller of 5 blades, rear-mounted stator of 7 blades)
图 14 喷水推进舷外机内部结构（蓝色为导管支撑架，红色为4叶叶轮，黄色为8叶导叶）
Figure 14. Internal structure of outboard waterjet (blue for duct supporting, red for 4-blade impeller, yellow for 8-blade stator)
图 18 “基洛”级潜艇B-871 Alrosa号在干船坞检修时的泵喷推进器（前置11叶叶轮、后置7叶导叶）
Figure 18. Kilo class submrines B-871 Alrosa in the dry dock and its pumpjet (front 11-blade impeller, rear 7-blade stator)
图 19 某蛙人输送艇的泵喷推进器（前置11叶导叶，后置9叶叶轮）
Figure 19. A frogman conveying submarine with pumpjet (front 11-blade impeller and rear 9-blade stator)
图 20 潜艇内置式无轴泵喷推进系统结构组成示意图
Figure 20. Structure diagram of built-in shaftless pumpjet of submarine
图 21 多航态艇的“二合一”泵类推进器配置图
Figure 21. Pump-type propulsor plant for multi-navigation craft
图 23 多航态蛙人输送艇的泵类推进器装配图
Figure 23. Assembly drawing of pump-type propulor of multi-navigation craft
-
[1] 李留洋.泵类推进器水下辐射噪声的数值预报研究[D].武汉: 海军工程大学, 2014.Li L Y. Numerical prediction of underwater-radiated noise of pump type of propulsor[D]. Wuhan: Naval University of Engineering, 2014(in Chinese). [2] 柯亮.泵类推进器三元设计研究和CFD性能预报[D].武汉: 海军工程大学, 2014.Ke L. Research on three-dimensional design of pump type of propulsor and CFD performance forecast[D]. Wuhan: Naval University of Engineering, 2014(in Chinese). [3] 魏春阳.泵类推进器的进水流道设计和性能数值预报研究[D].武汉: 海军工程大学, 2014.Wei C Y. Research on inlet design of pump type of propulsor and its performance numerical prediction[D]. Wuhan: Naval University of Engineering, 2014(in Chinese). [4] 王永生, 刘承江, 苏永生, 等.舰船新型推进系统[M].北京:国防工业出版社, 2014.Wang Y S, Liu C J, Su Y S, et al. New type of ship propulsion system[M]. Beijing:National Defense Industry Press, 2014(in Chinese). [5] Allison J. Marine waterjet propulsion[C]//Proceedings of the SNAME Annual Meeting. New York, USA: SNAME, 1993, 101: 275-335. [6] History of the Admiralty Research Laboratory(ARL) Teddington: 1921 to 1977[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. http://arl.g3w1.com/. [7] Submarine B-871("Alrosa") Project 877V/Kilo class submarine[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. http://www.kchf.ru/eng/ship/submarines/b871.htm [8] B-871 Alrosa.[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. http://rusnavy.com/nowadays/strength/submarines/b-871/. [9] Van Terwisga T. Waterjet-hull interaction[D]. Delft: Delft Technical University, 1996. [10] Bulten N W H. Numerical analysis of a waterjet propulsion system[D]. Eindhoven: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, 2006. DOI: 10.6100/IR614907. [11] Carlton J S. Marine propellers and propulsion[M]. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2007. [12] Sea Jet Advanced Electric Ship Demonstrator(AESD)[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/dd-x-sea-jet.htm. [13] High efficiency at all speeds: the Voith linear jet[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. http://voith.com/corp-en/drives-transmissions/voith-linear-jet.html. [14] Pump-jet[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pump-jet. [15] Henderson R E, McMahon J F, Wislicenus G F. A method for the design of pumpjets: AD439631[R]. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University, 1964. [16] Pumpjet[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/systems/pumpjet.htm. [17] STIDD. Sub boat[EB/OL] (. 2015-5-1)[. 2018-7-31]. https://stiddmil.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/MRCC_SUB-BOATS_SOFIC_2015.pdf. [18] SPJ Pump jet[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. https://www.schottel.de/marine-propulsion/spj-pump-jet/. [19] How does the pump jet work? design, reliability, performance[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. http://www.pumpjet.com/pump-jet-design.html. [20] Evinrude E-Tec rescue pro outboard motor[EB/OL].[2018-7-31]. http://www.allhandsfire.com/Evinrude-Outboard-Motor. -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2130
- HTML全文浏览量: 244
- PDF下载量: 303
- 被引次数: 0
